21.8 Countermeasures for Improving Pedestrian Conspicuity at Crosswalks While flashing lights and beacons located at midblock and intersection crosswalks alert motorists to the presence of pedestrians in crosswalks, they do not necessarily enhance pedestrian...
21.4 Nighttime Driving Headlamp intensity, ambient lighting, and glare all influence how far downstream a motorists can see and their ability to detect and respond to signs. Table 21.2 lists treatments that can reduce nighttime crashes, encourage lower speeds, and...
21.2 Countermeasures for Mitigating Headlamp Glare When a motorist encounters glare from other vehicles, they may experience discomfort or reduced visibility. Several design solutions are available to mitigate the effects of glare, and each carries its own advantages...
20.8 Post-Mounted Delineators Post-mounted delineators are retroreflective marking devices mounted above a road surface to the side of a road. They are installed in series to indicate road alignment and help clarify the alignment in areas where it is confusing or...
20.6 Markings for Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety Pedestrian markings and other pavement markings (e.g., shared lane markings) foster safe road sharing between vehicles, pedestrians, and micromobility users. Crosswalks are a pedestrian marking that function as...
20.4 Effectiveness of Symbolic Markings Horizontal signing is sign text painted on the road. It conveys information to drivers without requiring them to look away from the road. For maximum effectiveness, horizontal signs should consist of large, simple elements and...
